PERMANENT GRASS COVERS

→ they present various phytocoenose which is formed by grasses (dominant), Fabaceae, and herbs, the phytocoenose is formed by site conditions or by man activity

According to what condition predominates on grass cover forming, the grass covers divide:

-          natural – with original autonomic species composition,  the composition is formed by the influence of site conditions (alpine meadows, steppes)

-          semi-natural – they are influenced by direct man activity (grazing, drainage, fertilization)

-          artificial  - they are founded after previous land reclamation

Permanent grass cover usage

Outside of produce usage

-          it provides the soil against the effects of water and air erosion, it forms connected surface, which covers the soil, and prevents from soil erosion of the highest quality

-          it forms biological filter at protected areas of water-supply reservoirs and watercourses, they have heavily formed root system from very fine roots – they are able to catch high amount of nutrients and prevent from water contamination

-          countryside created, recreational

-          ecological – conservation of valuable phytocoenose and zoocoenosis

Produce usage

3 kinds, every kind influences growth structure by some way:

1. cutting way – expansion of higher crops at the expense of lower crops, lower clover part (influence of longer durative shading), clump is less dense, good species diversity

2. grazing way – change of soil conditions by reason of downtrodden surface, high grasses decline at the expanse of lower grasses, higher clover part, clump is denser, the downtrodden surface favors the grass offshoot and compensates limited suitability of generative reproduction (grass seed), preferential grazing of more delicious kinds, lower species diversity

3. combined way – is the most optimal for grasses, pasture usage after the second felling (improvement of growth foundation, soil downtrodden) or spring over-grazing – it puts down the development of persistent weeds